.groqnz.markdown,.groqnz.photo figcaption,.groqnz.oembed .social-embed{padding:0 16px;}/*!sc*/ Jackie Robinson, byname of Jack Roosevelt Robinson, (born January 31, 1919, Cairo, Georgia, U.S.died October 24, 1972, Stamford, Connecticut), the first Black baseball player to play in the American major leagues during the 20th century. Jackie Robinson Bio | Early life and Education. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__sponsor-url-logos > *{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;}/*!sc*/ .ezZJVn:hover{cursor:pointer;}/*!sc*/ Long after his track days, Mack Robinson remained competitive. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-side{display:none;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-webkit-box-align:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch;width:100%;height:calc(100vh - 56px);position:relative;overflow:hidden;z-index:99992;top:0;}/*!sc*/ .dLQAwR .contributor__text--name{color:#222222;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1;margin:0;}/*!sc*/ He had the sheer confidence and the fortitude to say, I just want to win.. .hspSPq:hover svg path{fill:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb header.mlb-header.mlb-header--side-nav-open .header__nav-side__nav-item--inner{opacity:1;}/*!sc*/ And I stayed in shape.. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top .icon,.mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top .p-icon *{fill:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/ .fuMUTu path{fill:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/ button,input{overflow:visible;}/*!sc*/ window.appId = '' Robinson and his four siblings were raised by their mother after their father abandoned the family when Robinson was an infant. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-side__nav-item .icon__nav-item{margin-right:8px;width:18px;height:14px;float:left;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;}/*!sc*/ .drUhS path{fill:#000000;}/*!sc*/ In one incident, while fans harassed Robinson from the stands, Reese walked over and put his arm around his teammate, a gesture that has become legendary in baseball history. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__subnav__item,.mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__subnav__group-title{display:block;padding:10px;width:100%;-webkit-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;word-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word;}/*!sc*/ .hspSPq svg{padding-top:1px;vertical-align:top;fill:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/ He graduated from Washington Junior High School in 1935. The couple had three children, Jackie Robinson Jr., Sharon Robinson, and David Robinson. Before becoming a professional baseball player, Jackie Robinson played football for the Honolulu Bears. It wasnt like my dad looking back. @font-face{font-family:'proxima-nova';src:url('https://www.mlbstatic.com/mlb.com/fonts/proxima-nova-black.woff2') format('woff2'),url('https://www.mlbstatic.com/mlb.com/fonts/proxima-nova-black.woff') format('woff');font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:fallback;}/*!sc*/ He was a sit-inner before the sit-ins, a freedom rider before the freedom rides. @media (min-width:768px){.epHHrr{max-width:500px;}}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb header.mlb-header.mlb-header--side-nav-open .header__nav-top .header__nav-top__button-menu--icon span:nth-child(3){-webkit-transform:rotate(-45deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-45deg);transform:rotate(-45deg);}/*!sc*/ data-styled.g167[id="Styles__StoryPartContainer-sc-1mfrmm0-0"]{content:"groqnz,"}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb .p-search__list--multiple-type .p-search-item--team:first-of-type:before{content:'Teams';}/*!sc*/ .eJdqRG a{color:#057AFF;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/ His success in the major leagues opened the door for other African American players, such as Satchel Paige, Willie Mays, and Hank Aaron. A heros welcome did not await Mack Robinson in his return to the United States. jackie robinson siblings names jackie robinson siblings names .mHQYb header.mlb-header .mlb-header--inner{margin:auto;max-width:none;position:relative;}/*!sc*/ .hUHmCp > article{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));grid-gap:24px;color:#000000;}/*!sc*/ body.article .ad-top-container{background-color:#f3f3f3;padding:8px 0;min-height:66px;}/*!sc*/ And in the semifinals, he tied the new world record Owens had set in his quarterfinals run -- 21.1 seconds. @media (min-width:1024px){.hUHmCp > article{margin:auto;max-width:967px;}.hUHmCp > article > section{grid-column:1 / span 8;}.hUHmCp > article > aside{display:block;grid-column:9 / 13;}}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__secondary-logos > *{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;}/*!sc*/ summary{display:list-item;}/*!sc*/ Those four medals, rubbed in the face of the German Fhrer, were an unprecedented Olympic haul by a track athlete, and Owens has been lionized as a result. .cWQXyp{display:inline-block;width:100%;position:relative;}/*!sc*/ Mack, once again wearing those same well-worn spikes he had used in junior college, won his heat with a time of 21.6 seconds, just 0.4 seconds off Eddie Tolans Olympic mark and 0.6 seconds better than his next-closest competitor. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-side__nav-items{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding-top:2px;}/*!sc*/ The Robinsons encountered racism as a Black family in a mostly white neighborhood , and they endured name-calling and taunts from neighbors, who summoned the police to . data-styled.g20[id="imagestyle__ImageWrapper-sc-xw1tzz-0"]{content:"evGxub,gkgVOa,cWQXyp,"}/*!sc*/ He advocated against street crime and for the creation of playgrounds and pools. Four months before Jackies death, when the baseball legend was weakened by heart disease and nearly blinded by diabetes, Mack visited his brother at his Stamford, Conn., home and proposed an idea. He was born the youngest child to Mallie (mother) and Jerry Robinson (father).. Jackie had four siblings Edgar, Frank, Matthew (nicknamed "Mack"), and Willa Mae.The real name of Jackie Robinson is Jack Roosevelt Robinson. He emerged as one of the greatest players in the history of American baseball, who survived racial discrimination to achieve greatness. That makes you better than an awful lot of people. @media (min-width:1024px){.mHQYb .mlb-header__login-menu{right:32px;top:calc(56px - 4px);}.mHQYb .mlb-header[data-is-club] .mlb-header__login-menu{top:calc(112px - 4px);}}/*!sc*/ His legacy, to me, is that of someone who can rise from nothing, Edward says, and go all the way to something thats larger than life.. He also regularly volunteered for the Special Olympics and would get his children involved, too. Its a bond that is cemented through time.","type":"markdown"},{"__typename":"PhotoPart","caption":"Mack Robinson sharing his 1936 Olympic 200 Meters Silver Medal, with his son Wayne in July 1968. @font-face{font-family:'proxima-nova';src:url('https://www.mlbstatic.com/mlb.com/fonts/proxima-nova-extrabold-italic.woff2') format('woff2'),url('https://www.mlbstatic.com/mlb.com/fonts/proxima-nova-extrabold-italic.woff') format('woff');font-style:italic;font-weight:800;font-display:fallback;}/*!sc*/ @media (min-width:1024px){.mHQYb header.mlb-header.mlb-header--side-nav-open .header__nav-side{display:none;}}/*!sc*/ If I had to choose tomorrow between the Baseball Hall of Fame and full citizenship for my people I would choose full citizenship time and again. .fAmXvR{background:#f3f3f3;border-radius:6px;color:#444444;font-family:"proxima-nova","open Sans","Helvetica","Arial",sans-serif;font-weight:500;padding:16px 16px 24px;}/*!sc*/ Robinson has two other siblings. Best Known For: Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier when he became the first Black athlete to play Major League Baseball after joining the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. Robinson was named the Rookie of the Year in 1947 with a batting average of .297, 175 hits, and 12 home runs. .HQoYx{border:0;padding:0;text-align:center;}/*!sc*/ In 2002, he was included in the list of 100 Greatest African-Americans. In 2004, Jackie Robinson Award was created in the Aflac National High School in his honor. Black America has asked so little, but if you can't see the anger that comes from rejection, you are treading a dangerous course. These were the intimidating conditions Mack Robinson encountered when he arrived to Berlin. .hHLkAw input:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#aaaaaa;}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__logo--mlb a{text-align:center;}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb .p-search-item__team-logo--container{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-left:auto;}/*!sc*/ That year, I set a school and league record in the long jump. Rickey knew there would be difficult times ahead for the young athlete, and so made Robinson promise to not fight back when confronted with racism. And today, his children and grandchildren ensure that his story continues to be told. .mHQYb header.mlb-header.mlb-header--side-nav-closed .header__nav-top__nav-container .header__subnav{display:none;pointer-events:none;}/*!sc*/ On June 4, 1972, the Dodgers retired Jackie Robinson's uniform number 42, as well as Sandy Koufax's number 32 and Roy Campanella's number 39. .koKsQt{font-weight:600;}/*!sc*/ (Photo by George F. Alexander for Newsweek). @media (min-width:768px){.mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__logo img{min-height:40px;max-height:40px;}}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb .mlb-header__login-menu__link{display:block;padding:10px;color:#081c3b;background-color:#f7f7f7;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/ DOWNLOAD BIOGRAPHY'S JACKIE ROBINSON FACT CARD. He went so far as to say, per biographer Arnold Rampersad, that he preferred the segregated South to Pasadena. Robinson continued his education at UCLA where he became the university's first student to win varsity letters in four sports. In 1949, he earned the title of Most Valuable Player for a batting average of .342. @media (min-width:768px){h1.Styles__HeadlineContainer-sc-19rm04l-0{font-size:2.488rem;}h2.Styles__HeadlineContainer-sc-19rm04l-0{font-size:1.44rem;}}/*!sc*/ (Osendarp would go on to work for the German Security Service and the Nazi Security Police in the deportation of Dutch Jews during World War II. Jackie Robinson Life in Photos - People Robinson is remembered as an electrifying base runnerhe stole home base 19 times during his careerbut his game also had a less flashy side. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-side__main-nav,.mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-side__subnav{height:100%;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;overscroll-behavior:contain;touch-action:manipulation;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-side__nav-item:focus a{outline:1px dotted #fff;}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__secondary-logos img{max-height:56px;max-width:none;}/*!sc*/ He worked as an executive for the Chock Full O' Nuts coffee company and restaurant chain and helped establish the African American-owned Freedom Bank. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__nav-item--mobile-quick-nav{display:inline;}/*!sc*/ Robinsons life was the subject of the acclaimed 2013 Brian Helgeland movie 42, which starred Chadwick Boseman as Robinson and Harrison Ford as Branch Rickey. He was one of eight to advance to the finals. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__subnav--teams__team{width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}/*!sc*/ Mack and Owens maintained a relationship decades after they finished so close to one another in the 200 meters. data-styled.g147[id="Styles__MarkdownContainer-dxqlie-0"]{content:"eJdqRG,"}/*!sc*/ He couldn't stand anybody being in front of him.. .dLQAwR .contributor__text--twitter{font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;}/*!sc*/ Withstanding the racial segregation prevalent during his time, Robinson proved to the world that the spirit of a game has nothing to do with color or race. .mHQYb .p-search-item__container{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:50px;border-top:0;min-width:250px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/ And so he did! The game had done much for me, and I had done much for it. There, Jackies head purposefully faces east, out toward Brooklyn and the baseball world he uprooted after bidding his hometown goodbye for good.\n\nBut Macks face points toward City Hall -- the civic center of the town where he took the hard lessons of the injustices he had endured in a life in the shadows and nobly tried to do some good. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__nav-container__primary.resizing{overflow-y:hidden;}/*!sc*/ Robinson began playing in the Negro Leagues, but he was soon chosen by Branch Rickey, president of the Brooklyn Dodgers, to help integrate Major League Baseball. .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__subnav__item:hover{background-color:#057AFF;color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/ A Black man, even after he has proven himself on and off the playing field, will still be denied his rights. .mHQYb .p-search__status{left:-9999px;position:absolute;}/*!sc*/ .blLcNM{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,1fr);grid-gap:24px;font-size:1rem;}/*!sc*/ @media (min-width:768px){.mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__tagline{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;}}/*!sc*/ .mHQYb header.mlb-header .header__nav-top__logo--mlb img{margin:auto;}/*!sc*/ He also regularly volunteered for the Special Olympics and would get his children involved, too.\n\nThat cause became even more important to the family when Brittni Hamilton, the daughter of Macks daughter Kathy, was diagnosed with Leigh syndrome, a severe neurological disorder, at 2 years old. Brittni was given the title of VIP Ambassador.