Pathos Examples: I Have a Dream "Five score years ago a great American in whose symbolic shadow we stand today signed the Emancipation Proclamation. He explained how the country has gone through hard times and has always recovered and how there will be more hard, RFK used various rhetorical devices to calm down and control the population of Indianapolis. The wise persuader starts from one or two commonplaces he knows he has in common with his audience and, where possible, arrives at one too. Three hundred and sixteen men come out, the sharks took the rest, June the 29th, 1945. , or give a presentation in the office, try using, Stemming from the Greek word for "suffering," "experience," or "emotion,, You have to work backwards, in a way. It is more than obvious that MLK tends to tug at the heartstrings of his listeners with his emotionally charged language essential to his success. Copyright 2023 by Icebreaker Speech | Privacy Policy, Examples of Ethos, Pathos, and Logos in Persuasive Speeches, Some More Examples of Ethos, Pathos, and Logos, Storytelling In Presentations: How to Make a Lasting Impression, 50 Toastmasters Table Topics Questions For Your Next Chapter Meeting, 50+ Informative Speech Topics to Engage Your Audience, 20 Public Speaking Jokes to Spice Up Your Presentation, 50 Inspiring Public Speaking Quotes to Help You Conquer Your Fear, Examples of Typographic Principles: Concordance, Conflict and Contrast & How to Create Layouts with Typography That Uses Them. Toward the end of his speech, RFK recommends his audience to say a prayer for our country and for our people. He wants the people to reflect on the days events. It was made because two black children had to be escorted to school by state troopers after numerous threats. Ethos is the act of appealing to the speakers or writers authority as a means of persuasion. So if youre a politician and youre speaking about reforming the legal system, its great to be a lawyer or a judge, but its even better to be a lawyer or a judge who comes from the same community as your audience. Ethos, Pathos, Logos: 3 Pillars of Public Speaking and Persuasion The next time youre posting on social media, or give a presentation in the office, try using ethos. Robert Kennedys speech was given during a campaign rally in 1968, he broke the news to a crowd of supporters that MLK had been killed. Aristotle believed that logos should be the most important of the three modes of persuasion . He contrasts the polarization of our country based on race with the more understanding country both Kennedy and King would rather have; a country with a brighter future, not based on superficial differences. This could also relate to ethos, as the extrinsic ethos of each of the figures Kennedy cites improves the intrinsic ethos of his speech. John Fitzgerald Kennedy delivered his Civil Rights Address on June 11, 1963 to talk about how everyone is born equal and just because you are born with darker skin you shouldnt be considered less of a person and have less rights. Moreover, pathos is most effective if used sparinglyyou dont want to be too sappy or forced. Pathos is common in advertisements today. Ethos can also be thought of as the role of the writer in the argument, and how credible his/her argument is. This speech is about equal rights for african americans. Al Gore, a renowned environmentalist, used logos in his speech The Climate Crisis Is the Battle of Our Time, and We Can Win, in 2019. Through the use of various rhetorical devices in his speech, Kennedy guides the people of Indianapolis toward continuing Martin Luther King Jr.s legacy of peace through MLKs impact, the idea of unity, and moving forward from the past. Ethos, Pathos, Logos: 3 Pillars of Public Speaking Pixar went on to create the world's first computer-animated feature film, Toy Story and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. Only members can read the full content. I like the way you based your analysis on contrasts. He also spend considerable time explaining the different figures, also known as the flowers of rhetoric, which can be thought of as the literary weapons you can use in your war of words. Associated with these general topics are commonplaces (topos is Greek for a place). RFKs use of repetition is effective because it stresses the importance of thinking about what happened. Kennedy discusses American patriotism a lot throughout his speech. Aristotle believed that logos should be the most important of the three modes of persuasion, but to really be effective, a speaker or writer needs to use all three. When pathos is embedded in a message, it moves people, driving them to take action. During his speech he connected with his audience. PDF Ethos, Pathos, and Logos in Speeches | PDF Example Robert F. Kennedy did exactly this when giving his speech. Between two speakers with identical credentials, the more closely relatable one will win the audience. Pathos is a very effective way to bring the audience over to your own perspective, but you have to be keenly aware of 1) the kind emotion you want to elicit, and 2) what truth youre going to draw on to trigger that emotion. Any form of reasoning has to start from a set of premises, and in rhetoric those premises are very often commonplaces. People reacted with gasps and cries, so Robert started to explain Martins goal and how he died pushing for a change. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance.". MLK appeals to his audience when he states, In justice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. (King 6) MLK. Kennedy appeals to pathos when he alludes to his brothers assassination. It was made because two black children had to be escorted to school by state troopers after numerous threats. It's also not uncommon to see all three used in the same motivational quote, for example. In the above excerpt from his speech I Have a Dream, he uses pathos to empathize with his audience. A commonplace is a piece of shared wisdom: a tribal assumption. Highlighted below are some of them. See how he uses repetition with We can never be satisfied to drive his point home. He inspires them to remain calm, and stay. Finally, RFK ends with,So I ask you tonight to return home, to say a prayer for the family of Martin Luther Kinga prayer for understanding and that compassion of which I spoke. RFK asks his audience to pray. Additionally, with a literary allusion to Greek writings, RFK increases his ethos and subsequently the likelihood of people believing him. It is hard to read this without seeing pathos, but that is okay since this was a very powerful and emotional event.Were there any particular logics or statistics or facts about the death that you could add? Therefore, Socrates is mortal. Logos appeals to the audience's reason, building up logical arguments. Martin Luther King also wrote a letter to eight white clergymen named Letter From Birmingham Jail the letter was written in in his jail cell which he was in for marching and protests. Pathos, Logos. Ethos, when everything is stripped away, is about trust. Your logical argument will be that much more persuasive if its wrapped up with a good dose of emotion. John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Juniors, speech at his inaugural address in 1961 is undeniably a masterpiece of the persuasive arts. A speaker will seem more relatable, and even more intelligent than an opponent who employs only logos or ethos, even if that persons argument is more sound. Lets see how famous people have used them through time. Three hundred and sixteen men come out, the sharks took the rest, June the 29th, 1945. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.". In a commercial, youd see 4 out of 5 dentists recommending a particular toothpaste. Ethos, pathos and logos are the three categories of persuasive advertising techniques. Robert said,Martin Luther King, RFK said, But we have to make an effort in the United States. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. In order to use this type of logic effectively, you should be keenly aware of the accepted premises shared with your audience. John says: "As a scientist, I'm . He gathers his statements and drives his point home by stressing that, indeed, those are the facts. Robert Kennedy Speech Ethos Pathos Logos | ipl.org And we cant forget joy and laughter. Lord Mancroft. Ethos: your credibility and character Pathos: emotional bond with your listeners Logos: logical and rational argument Ethos - The Ethical Appeal Your fathers gone, youre gone. Even so they're going to be differences in both speeches. Ethos uses the speakers authority or credibility to persuade the audience. The discrimination in the area even had political leaders affected, therefore many of those political leaders during that time attempted to put an end to the several agonizing events going on. As a leader of his people, King took the stand to take radical measures to overcome the false promises of the sovereign government that had been addressing the issues of racial segregation through unimplemented transparent laws that did nothing to change the grim realities of the society. While you need to take care with thesyllogisms you use false syllogisms can lead to obvious logical fallacies they can be a powerful tool for helping your audience draw certain conclusions. Both forms of appeal help Kennedy balance his speech and show the audience that he can empathize with them while also being mindful about the direction America is moving towards. It invokes peoples senses, nostalgia, memory, and experiences. Its helpful not to think of them in a linear way but more like three overlapping circles. If you are speaking, then, all of a sudden, find yourself overcome with so much emotion that you cant even finish your sentenceif used carefully, this will invoke empathy in the audience. Robert connected his point of unity by asking the audience to not resort to hatred and violence, but to follow Martins dream of unity and peace. Each category invokes a different appeal between speaker and audience. Rfk speech - SlideShare This use of logos and ethos showed the audience how RFK could really understand how this affected them, because he had already experienced it. Because of his leadership, bravery and sacrifice to make the world a better place, Martin Luther King was awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize. One method you can use with logos is the syllogism, whether you combine two premises and draw the logical conclusion from them. Ethos, Logos, and Pathos in John F Kennedy's Speech - Samploon.com Robert F Kennedy Ethos Pathos Logos - 310 Words | Studymode Martin Luther King Jr. was a strong leader in the Civil Rights movement, the son and grandson of a minister, and one heck of a letter writer. Steve Jobs, the co-founder of Apple, relies heavily on ethos here. This is the power of ethos. However, Aristotle stated that logos alone is not sufficient. Stemming from the Greek word for "suffering," "experience," or "emotion, pathos appeals to the emotions of the audience. Specifically: ethos (character): known as "the appeal to authority" or "the appeal to credibility." This is the method in which a person relies on their credibility or character when making an appeal or an argument. However though the centuries racial equality and social; justice have been hard to achieve, even now in the modern era. "Martin Luther King dedicated his life to love and to justice between fellow human beings." Here are some vivid examples of ethos, pathos, and logos to help you understand what they are and how to use them in your arguments. It pulls at the readers heartstrings, connects them to the characters, and makes them want something similar. This phase is referred to as invention, but its not about making something up, its more about the information gathering or research phase of your work. So, eleven hundred men went into the water. What Are Ethos, Pathos, & Logos? Examples & How To Use Them - Thesaurus MLK also uses rhetorical devices to persuade the audience. Without that grounding, youre already setting yourself up for failure. Martin Luther King Jr., a minister and social activist, led the Civil Rights Movement in the United States from the mid-1950s until his death by assassination in 1968. The whole speech oozes with ethos, as Quint tells the story of his experience as a sailor in WWII to explain his vendetta against man-eating sharks: You know that was the time I was most frightened. Albus Dumbledor used ethos in the movie The Goblet of Fire when he went against the Ministry of Magic to tell his students how Cedric Diggory died. Moomau Pd 8 Robert F. Kennedy Speech Essay (better title pls) But pathos is more nuanced than that; it can be humor, love, patriotism, or any emotional . Ethos are used in these speeches to catch their attention. Mastering the best of what other people have already figured out, A speech is like a love affair. (In other words, your moving speech on why we all need to take a social media holiday may not resonate at the Twitter shareholder meeting.). They will relish in the fact that they were clever enough to figure it out, and the reveal will be that much more satisfying. Ethos, Logos, & Pathos: The Three Parts of a Persuasive Presentation This is also what makes it an essential part of any type of marketing. Ethos calls upon the ethics, or what we'd call the values, of the speaker. Of course, in order to be effective, the speaker or writer doesnt necessarily have to have these virtues, just appear to. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Martin Luther King Jr. is one of the most influential African-American activists in American History and was a key participant in the Civil Rights movement, the goal of which was to provide full civil rights to all rights in America. Because of the way we use the word pathos in the modern world, you may be thinking of something dramatic and sad. As a member of PrimeStudyGuides.com, you get access to all of the content. Look at all those skateboards in Coca-Cola commercials. This way, the audience is more inclined to believe in the argument presented. Pathos seeks to provoke an emotional response in the audience. I had a member of my family killed, but he was killed by a white man. Then, build a narrative to encapsulate that truthyou cant simply plop the truth on a platter. Any advertisement that has a celebrity endorsement uses ethos. Regulators had looked the other way, or didnt have the authority to stop the bad behavior. I like the way I feel. Titled as the I Have a Dream Speech, he read this speech to the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. For example, when a speaker cites scientific data, methodically walks through the line of reasoning behind their argument, or precisely . Ethos, Pathos, Logos: What Are They and How to Use Them, Each technique uses a different approach to appeal to the audience and solidify the argument, whether youre establishing: the character of the speaker (, The three traditional modes of persuasion, Greek philosopher Aristotle first defined these three methods in. Because Abraham Joshua Heschel uses this term, pathos, at the beginning of the third volume on prophets The Prophets, sympathy and Phenomenology. The two forms of appeal balance his speech and show the audience that he has had to deal with a similar tragic experience and that he understands what the black community is going through. It makes the audience think about justice vs. injustice. While Aristotles three persuasive appeals make appearances throughout the book, there is so much more to Words Like Loaded Pistols. The text shown above is just an extract. Pathos! John F. Kennedy used diction as well as logos and ethos to make listeners believe that his argument is right and they should take his side. Delight is an end, as well as a means. Looking to create a blog? Throughout the speech Robert F. Kennedy persuades people to think the way he thinks and live in equality rather than acting in a destructive and violent manner. His own use of logos is supplemented and improved by this technique. As he sits in a cell of Birmingham Jail in 1963, he responds to criticism from eight white clergymen. "During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Ethos is Greek for character, "credibility," or "authority." He displays a great amount of pathos, logos, and ethos in his speech. This speech is about equal rights for african americans. Turbulent Times November 22, 1963 - John F. Kennedy assassinated Spring of 1963 - Birmingham civil rights protests. It doesnt need the charisma of the orator or the emotions of the audience to make a well-reasoned argument. Although King was arrested for a nonviolent protest, he still found a way to justify his actions with the use of logos and pathos. Let's take the example of Ethos. In 2012, Barack Obama used logos when discussing the 2008 recession in the State of the Union address: In 2008, the house of cards collapsed. He establishes a solemn tone while addressing the predominantly black neighborhood in Indianapolis, Indiana. In both of these writings Dr. King uses logos - logical persuasion - and pathos - emotional appeal - to change the opinions of people who were for segregation and against civil rights. Ethos as used in JFK's 1961 Inaugural Address - Academic Master Any fool can start it, but to end it requires considerable skill. Both forms of appeal help Kennedy balance his speech and show the audience that he can empathize with them while also being mindful about the direction America is moving towards. On August 28, 1963 Martin Luther King Jr. delivered a famous speech during the March on Washington for Jobs and freedom, this speech was called I have a dream. This speech was focused on ending racism and equal rights for African Americans during the civil rights movement. Dont forget to use analogies, humor, surprise, body language, maybe even visuals if the forum is right. Show, dont tell. Remember who youre talking to and shape your argument accordingly. Pathos can trigger any intended emotion in people, such as sympathy, pity, and empathy. Throughout the ages racial inequality and social injustice have been prevalent. Furthermore, Kennedy said in his speech that "we are proud of our ancient heritage," a statement that emphasizes on the importance for the current American society to do what they ancestors did. Robert F. Kennedy's speech on Martin Luther King | Pathos and ethos We are inspired by great speeches because of the way they are rhetorically crafted to make us feel. The key here once again is to know your audience. Now when I get the sun, I smile. His logic is that its often risky to combine debt with personal relationships, which can result in the loss of both money and friends. Rhetorical Analysis Of Rfk's Speech | ipl.org In his tear-jerking, mind-opening letter, King manages to completely discredit every claim made by the clergymen while keeping a polite and formal tone. In their ad, IKEA convinces people to opt for home delivery for 3.95 by showing a person stuck in traffic after buying from the brand. RFK doesnt let MLKs visions and ideologies die with him. An excellent way to convince people to donate to a puppy shelter is to show them how brutally they'll die if they don't donate. In his book Rhetoric, he defined these 3 Greek words. He supports his claim by using repetition, allusion, and presentation skills. An audience can smell a faker a mile away. I like thinking about the red dress and the television and you and your father. Explaining ethos, pathos, logos Eth-os - ethics This is about establishing personal credentials, and getting your audience to believe that you know what to say, that you're a morally decent person, and that you're the right person to deliver your message Path-os - pathetic / pity By establishing credibility, using logical arguments, and appealing to emotion, speakers and writers can influence the beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of their audiences. "I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. The key to any effective speech is a thoughtful mix of ethos, logos, and pathos based on the designated audience. Robert F. Kennedy, running for president at the time, was to give a campaign speech that day in Indiana. MLK is showing the audience that by doing these actions is the only way they will be heard. The use of pathos is effective because it appeals to emotions and the issue of civil rights and civil disobedience. Ill never put on a lifejacket again. Kennedy admits that based on the past history it is fair to say that there will be a struggle to achieve true equality and acceptance. The messaging implies that if you want to be happy, drink Coca-Cola. Ultimately,the three modes of persuasion are interconnected. His incredible public speaking skills and ability to properly get his message across can clearly be scene throughout the speech. We live in a nation that is deeply divided, and I am a Black woman speaking at the Democratic Convention. How to understand any speech: your guide to ethos, pathos & logos Talk about your past experiences and qualifications. Martin Luther King Jr. was an important figure in gaining civil rights throughout the 1960s and hes very deserving of that title as seen in both his I Have a Dream speech and his Letter from Birmingham Jail letter. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. uses more powerful and plentiful examples of pathos in his literature, examples of which being his I Have a Dream speech and his Letter from Birmingham Jail, than logos due to the more powerful emotional connection they carry which can convince his listeners to sympathize with his civil rights movement. The speech was, other than a few notes, improvised. RFK used this quote to say people may want to stay angry and bitter, but anger will eventually be replaced with wisdom and understanding no matter how much they try to fight it. "Let it be remembered how powerful the influence of a single introduced tree or mammal has been shown to be. He uses his authority as a founder of successful tech companies to show people why they should listen to him. He was an advocate for equality between all races and a civil and economic rights Activist. Simply put, they will feel more confident in the overall reasoning if they do the work themselves. Martin Luther King dedicated his life to love and to justice between fellow human beings. Kennedy used this rhetorical device the most in his speech. The president uses the experience of war,poverty,and the desire for peace to develop an emotional appeal between the U.S and the world population. Jokes are often memorable techniques for pathos. The syllogism is a way of combining two premises and drawing a fresh conclusion that follows logically from them. Farnam Street participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising commissions by linking to Amazon. President John F. Kennedy, known for his diligence and persuasion, held a news conference about the hikes in steel prices. Yet his most important method of reaching his audience, and conveying his enduring message of equality and freedom for the whole nation was his appeal to pathos. Any time youve asked a listener to trust in what you are saying, based on your character or expertise, youre working with your ethos. ", Charles Darwin, On the Origin of the Species, 1859. Collectively, these three appeals are sometimes called the rhetorical . Hence, Kings works always had the recurring theme of the unity and strength of combined willpower. He doesnt want them to ruin everything that MLK has worked for by falling to riots and violence. But enough of you know me by now. He doesnt separate himself, he considers himself an equal to his audience as a more friendly and inviting way to speak. Show, dont tell. The best arguments are soaked in them. Thus, Kennedy's logic attempts to unite a fragmented nation. These three techniques show up in all sorts of circumstances, from political speeches and courtroom debates, to advertisements, essays, marketing strategies and opinion pieces. Robert F. Kennedy uses two forms of appeal in his statement on the assassination of Martin Luther King ethos and pathos. In a similar light, King addressed the speech I have a dream to a peaceful mass gathering in Washington asking for change. Usually, this comes together with the use of facts, data, statistics and other logical demonstrations. Keep in mind that ethos is highly relative, since the qualities that are expected in one field arent necessarily the ones another audience will value. I think he definitely gained the support he was looking for to integrate the country! Think of this as the logic behind your argument. There are tons of examples of ethos in advertisements, movies, speeches, and daily life. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the most influential leaders of his time and played a crucial role in the African-American Civil Rights movement. Equality and justice play a large part in defining our social and internal belonging, as it helps forge connections with those around us. You can find them embedded in commercials, movies, speeches, TED talks, and day-to-day arguments. Light-heartedly, it uses feel-good emotion to convince people to buy their water. The following are a few examples of Logos. Robert F. Kennedy does this when he says, ". Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. Kennedy is able to effectively use repetition, allusion, and ethical appeal to support his claim that through tough times, no matter the color of your skin the nation needs to come together and support each other.