You can access our step-by-step guide alongside the video here: https://geekymedics.com/basic-life-support-bls-osce-guide/ It's usually treated with blood-thinning medications. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. By Tolu Ajiboye But until they do, the condition can be quite uncomfortable. What is vein sclerosis? Blown Vein: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention - Healthline Prepare the normal saline flush by drawing the saline into your syringe (if you have a pre-filled flush you can ignore this step). Published in 2010. An ultrasound may also be used to establish the depth and direction of larger varicose veins in order to map out the procedure. Aspiration and sclerotherapy: a nonsurgical treatment option for hydroceles. Within each side of the scrotum, a network of small veins (pampiniform plexus) transport the oxygen-depleted blood from the testicle to the main testicular vein. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Enlarged hemorrhoids: What surgical procedures are used to treat hemorrhoids? If we combine this information with your protected other information we have about you. specifications following safe manufacturing practices. When a deep vein in the leg is affected, the leg may become swollen, tender and painful. Ramashankar, Prabhakar C, Shah NK, Giraddi G. Lymphatic malformations: A dilemma in diagnosis and management. Venous and lymphatic disease. Having a veiny penis is normal and should not be concerning. Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. Your spinal cord isn't really meant to feel things.. Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/geekymedics Published in 2009. There are special rehabilitation centers that people in this position can look to. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Chapters: https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com. This is an invasive procedure that requires injecting X-ray dye or contrast material into a vein on the foot, then an X-ray is taken of the flow of the dye up the leg. How to Perform Chest Compressions | CPR Technique | OSCE Guide, Intravenous Cannulation Procedure OSCE Guide. Aging Male. Elevating the affected limb, using a warm washcloth to apply heat to the area several times a day, and taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or naproxen (Aleve) can help reduce the discomfort. The following can increase the risk of developing varicose veins: Complications of varicose veins, although rare, can include: Improving blood flow and muscle tone might reduce the risk of developing varicose veins. Varicoceles usually form during puberty and develop over time. Examples of bioflavonoid foods include pineapple, papaya, mango, beet, red cabbage, onion, and spinach. A collection of communication skills guides, for common OSCE scenarios, including history taking and information giving. A vein that has become hard or thick due to the continuous puncture's of a needle from procedures or even drug use What does a vein feel like? (2009). Superficial phlebitis affects veins on the, Deep vein thrombophlebitis affects the larger, Prolonged inactivity - Staying in bed or sitting for many hours, as in a car or on an airplane, creating stagnant or slow flow of blood from the legs in a dependent position (This pooling of blood in the legs leads to thrombus formation. Don gloves (prior to setting up saline flush), Prepare the saline flush (and prime extension set if applicable), Position the patient's arm comfortably and place a field below their arm to prevent blood spillage, Clean the site for 30 seconds and allow to dry, Ensure the cannula mechanism slides smoothly, Secure the vein from below with your non-dominant hand, Ensure the needle bevel is facing upwards, Insert the cannula at an angle of 10-30 into the vein, Observe for flashback and then advance a further 2mm (approx), Advance the cannula carefully into the vein, Secure the cannula wings with some adhesive tape, Label the dressing with the insertion date, YouTube Video VVVram5yRUhROGJRUW1sZk5kQVFDXzV3LjdLRjVfQnI5TWFF, YouTube Video VVVram5yRUhROGJRUW1sZk5kQVFDXzV3LmNrVXZhUS16NHhB, YouTube Video VVVram5yRUhROGJRUW1sZk5kQVFDXzV3LjNZNXNPMlJFVTJv, Start typing to see results or hit ESC to close, Cushings Syndrome Examination OSCE Guide, Pre-hospital Advanced Life Support (ALS) OSCE Guide, Explaining a Gastroscopy (Endoscopy) OSCE Guide, Newborn Baby Assessment (NIPE) OSCE Guide, Paediatric Cardiovascular Examination OSCE Guide, Cannula (size appropriate to the indication for cannulation), Sterile dressing pack (to provide a sterile field), Alcohol swab (2% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl). Possible signs and symptoms may include: Annual wellness visits for boys are important for monitoring the development and health of testicles. Bouwman FCM, Kooijman SS, Verhoeven BH. A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins that transport oxygen-depleted blood away from the testicle. A collapsed vein is an injury that develops over time from consistently injecting drugs. This condition known as superficial thrombophlebitis shouldn't be confused with blood clots that develop in deeper veins (deep venous thrombosis). - 150+ PDF OSCE Checklists: https://geekymedics.com/pdf-osce-checklists/ Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. In most cases, the itching is a sign that healing has begun. If you are not better in a week or two or if it gets any worse, get reevaluated to make sure you don't have a more serious condition. Scleroderma is often categorized as "limited" or "diffuse," which refers only to the degree of skin involvement. Once you have identified a suitable vein you may need to temporarily release the tourniquet, as it should not be left on for more than 1-2 minutes at a time. Last medically reviewed on June 19, 2018. Papadakis MA, et al., eds. Sclerotherapy is a nonsurgical procedure. Some symptoms can include pain and tenderness along the vein and hardening and feeling cord-like. Spider Veins. The flush should be easy to administer with minimal resistance. Weak or damaged valves can lead to varicose veins. If it doesnt seem to be getting better, make an appointment with your doctor. 2017 Jul;2017(7): CD012723. In: NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. Read our, The 8 Best Compression Socks for Varicose Veins of 2023, Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell, Causes and Prevention of Varicose and Spider Veins, Identifying Signs of a Blood Clot in the Arm, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Safety concerns for sclerotherapy of telangiectases, reticular, and varicose veins, Effectiveness of Endoscopic Sclerotherapy with Aluminum Potassium Sulfate and Tannic Acid as a Non-Surgical Treatment for Internal Hemorrhoids, Lymphatic malformations in children: treatment outcomes of sclerotherapy in a large cohort, Lymphatic malformations: A dilemma in diagnosis and management. Editorial team. This includes standing for long periods of time, wearing high heels, and being overweight. By exercising, watching your diet, and regularly resting your legs throughout the day, you can avoid recurrence of this aggravating, albeit common, vascular condition. Each clinical case scenario allows you to work through history taking, investigations, diagnosis and management. Sclerotherapy is absolutely contraindicated for use in people with the following health conditions: These conditions are associated with blood clots. This is called deep vein thrombosis (DVT). 12th ed. Thrombophlebitis is a swollen or inflamed vein due to a blood clot. Veins that appear twisted and bulging, often appearing like cords on the legs. Varicocele - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic Drawing blood in the afternoon may be more successful, as some veins may not be as prominent in the mornings. It involves the injection of a special solution into the veins to seal them off. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition, Essential Thrombocythemia: Looking for information and support. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Sometimes varicose veins lead to more-serious problems. Kabnick LS, et al. You may feel: Raised areas of skin with swollen veins underneath. Place a pillow under the arm to be cannulated to make the procedure more comfortable for the patient. Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins. They are caused by weak or damaged valves in the veins and are most commonly seen in the legs. The exact cause of a varicocele is unknown. Surgery to treat varicocele may be recommended to address these complications. See additional information. PERFORMING A VENIPUNCTURE - Akron Children's Hospital redness, itchiness, or irritation on the penis. Review/update the Hard and cord - like 5. Sclerotherapy: Procedure detail. This is caused when blood becomes trapped under the skin and is completely normal. Ferri FF. A) bouncy and resilient B) pulsating and firm C) soft and pliable D) hard and cord-like Hard and cord-like In selecting a venipuncture site, how can you tell a vein from an artery? Warn the patient that they will experience a sharp scratch. It is very important to allow an injection site to rest to allow for the formation of these new blood vessels. The penis ejaculates semen during sexual intercourse. Pharmacology. When a test is ordered ASAP, it means that? If its not associated with an underlying STI, it should resolve on its own within a few weeks. Place some sterile gauze directly underneath the cannula hub. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Once a spider or varicose vein has been completely resolved, it is unlikely to recur. If your hands are visibly soiled, wash them with soap and water. Urology Care Foundation. This content does not have an English version. Since sclerotherapy is typically performed on the legs, you may want to wear shorts. 3. The testicles receive oxygen-rich blood from two testicular arteries one artery for each side of the scrotum. Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy. Lip GY, et al. Doctors may also use it to treat blood and lymph vessel disorders that cause vessels to form incorrectly. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Mayo Clinic. The thrombus in the vein causes pain and irritation and may block blood flow in the veins. 2018;33(3):150-62. doi:10.1177/0268355516687864. 3. DOI: Yap FB. These veins transport oxygen-depleted blood from the testicles. A) An artery has a district pulse. Click here for an email preview. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com.Accessed Dec. 07, 2021. There are some typical collapsed vein symptoms, including pain following tissue damage, discoloration of the skin, a cold feeling in the hands and feet caused by obstructed blood flow, tingling. To come to a diagnosis, your doctor might also: If you dont already have a doctor, the Healthline FindCare tool can help you find a physician in your area. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Here's what may be causing them and what you can do to ease your symptoms. But until they do, the condition can be quite uncomfortable. Accessed Dec. 7, 2021. A varicocele (VAR-ih-koe-seel) is an enlargement of the veins within the loose bag of skin that holds the testicles (scrotum). All What is Phlebitis: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment - WebMD (2003). A varicocele usually occurs on the left side of the scrotum and often produces no signs or symptoms. 00:29 Demonstration Sometimes phlebitis may occur where a peripheral intravenous line was started. Accessed Sept. 11, 2021. Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/geekymedics Blood Clots in Surface Veins Often Treated with Self-care Techniques It is not uncommon to experience redness, swelling, warmth, or itching around the injection site for a couple of days after sclerotherapy. (2014). What Is Thrombophlebitis? #geekymedics #fyp #fypviral #studytok #medicalstudentuk #medtok #studytips #studytipsforstudents #medstudentuk #premed #medschoolfinals #respiratory #respiratoryexam #osces #paces #examination #procedure #clinical #clinicalyears. When painful signs and symptoms of varicose veins occur, they might include: An achy or heavy feeling in the legs. Sclerosed Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com https://www.dictionary.com/browse/sclerosed See your doctor right away if you have a red, swollen or tender vein especially if you have one or more risk factors for thrombophlebitis. Similarly, there are also two testicular veins that transport oxygen-depleted blood back toward the heart. An ideal vein feels springy. Lymphangiosclerosis is a rare condition but its usually not serious. results are needed soon for an appropriate response. Varicocele embolization. If clots in the deeper veins are also present, your provider may prescribe medicines to thin your blood. Dermarolling, aka microneedling, is the art of erasing unwanted acne scars, wrinkles, and stretch marks. Overview of the treatment of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. This roundup covers our top picks for best scar creams, from the best overall to creams for postsurgery, old scars, and fading discoloration. A comprehensive collection of medical revision notes that cover a broad range of clinical topics. This area may feel hard, warm, and tender. Only after we are satisfied with the products. 7. In cases where drug abuse is an issue, getting help is important, not only to prevent permanent collapse but to avoid serious, life-threatening complications. Pape D, et al. Ultrasoundof the blood vesselshelps confirm the condition. Besides varicose and spider veins, sclerotherapy can also be used to treat concerns such as: Prior to the procedure, the healthcare provider will perform a physical examination to ensure that you have no health conditions that contraindicate treatment. Dark lips are often the result of hyperpigmentation. Thrombosis is when a blood clot is formed inside of a vein. Most people do not feel any pain or discomfort. There are grammar debates that never die; and the ones highlighted in the questions in this quiz are sure to rile everyone up once again. Consensus for sclerotherapy. 17. Varicoceles. Spider veins, a mild form of varicose veins, typically appear on the legs and feet. Lymphatic malformations in children: treatment outcomes of sclerotherapy in a large cohort. Review/update the An anti-inflammatory drug, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, can help lessen the pain and inflammation of superficial phlebitis. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with Intramuscular injection is a shot that goes directly into the muscle. 8. For some women, menopause can be challenging, but a greater understanding of the symptoms and Ready to run: How to strengthen your core, Menopause: Ensuring a tranquil transition, Mild Cognitive Impairment- Ten Years Later. If the problem persists, you may need to explore other treatments, including vascular stripping, catheter-assisted radiofrequency ablation, or endoscopic vein surgery. Sclerotherapy usually works best on small varicose veins. Click here for an email preview. For instance, if you stop injections into the vein to prevent further damage, you will also be allowing it the time it needs to heal. At first glance, lymphangiosclerosis can look like a bulging vein in your penis. The . Natural Medicines. - Geeky Medics OSCE App: https://geekymedics.com/geeky-medics-app/ Phlebitis (fle-BYE-tis) means inflammation of a vein. Lymphangiosclerosis is a condition involving the hardening of a lymph vessel connected to a vein in your penis. When the oxygen-depleted blood gets backed up in the network of veins, they widen (dilate), creating the varicocele. Francis JJ, Levine LA. Scleroderma - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic Sclerotherapy sessions take between 15 and 45 minutes, depending on how extensive the treatment area is. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota, Book: Mayo Clinic Guide to Fertility and Conception, Enlarged veins can cause pain, infertility. Aug. 4, 2021. What is vein sclerosis? - Quora Mayo Clinic. What are veins called that feel hard and cord like when palpated? using current production and quality control standards. They vary in size and often look like a spider's web. If you'd like to support us, check out our awesome products: You don't need to tell us which article this feedback relates to, as we automatically capture that information for you. On any matter relating to your health or well-being, please check with an appropriate health professional. D-dimer is a blood test that measures a substance that is released as a blood clot dissolves. All our products are backed by a 100% satisfaction guarantee. (2017). Varicose veins might not cause pain. Bel Marra products are produced Observe for a flashback of blood into the cannula chamber, which confirms that the needle has punctured the vein. Accessed Nov. 16, 2021. This helps prevent blood clots from developing. Many healthcare providers will provide a pair of disposable shorts, called exam shorts, to change into. The clots usually resolve on their own, typically within several weeks. Treatment. In short, jock itch can spread between, Keloids can appear on your ear in response to any type of wound, including a piercing. If you are planning on using an extension set, you should attach this to the flush and prime the line. A varicocele (VAR-ih-koe-seel) is an enlargement of the veins within the loose bag of skin that holds the testicles (scrotum). - Over 3000 Free MCQs: https://geekyquiz.com/ If upfront payment is required for copay or coinsurance, call beforehand to find which forms of payment they accept. Varicose veins most commonly affect the veins in the legs. For other people, varicose veins can cause aching pain and discomfort. Sclerotherapy for spider veins and varicose veins does carry certain risks, some of which are superficial and others that are potentially serious. Mathes BM, et al. puncture's of a needle from procedures or even drug use, The central vein can be called a midrib or mid-vein. 00:00 Introduction Natural Medicines. Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/geekymedics Lymph vessels carry a fluid called lymph, which is full of white blood cells, throughout your body to help fight infections. https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/varicocele. Varicose veins. Below is a list of causes for permanently collapsed veins: There are some typical collapsed vein symptoms, including pain following tissue damage, discoloration of the skin, a cold feeling in the hands and feet caused by obstructed blood flow, tingling sensations in the hands and feet, and itching. The site of cannulation (e.g. Sclerosed Vein Definition - MeaningKosh If you have a history of deep vein thrombophlebitis, or if the phlebitis might possibly spread to the deep veins, you will need to take a blood thinner (anticoagulant). AllScripts EPSi. Sclerosed vein feel like a cord and you can feel the same along the tract, subcutaneously. McGraw-Hill Education; 2019. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. Mayo Clinic Staff. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. right gonadal vein is a vein that carries blood away from the You can also consider different approaches to injections in the future. Here's what to do. Sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis. For early-stage hemorrhoids and simple hydroceles, sclerotherapy's success rate is generally pretty high. Instagram: https://instagram.com/geekymedics They can test for any underlying causes that need treatment. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Place a field below the patients arm to prevent blood spillage. 11. If a bed is available, the patient can lay down for the procedure (this is sometimes preferable, particularly if the patient is prone to vasovagal syncope). Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. Tapping the vein and asking the patient to repeatedly clench their fist can make the vein easier to visualise and palpate. Even though sclerotherapy is considered minimally invasive, that shouldn't suggest that it is a walk-in procedure. Sclerotherapy (sclero- meaning hardness and -therapy meaning treatment) is an in-office procedure used to address venous swelling or the abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissues. Learn how inflammation from infection can lead to a clot. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012723, Star P, Connor DE, Parsi K. Novel developments in foam sclerotherapy: Focus on Varithena (polidocanol endovenous microfoam) in the management of varicose veins. If you're concerned about how your veins look and feel and self-care measures haven't helped, see your health care provider. A varicocele is the enlargement of the pampiniform plexus. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Call 911 or your local emergency number if: Have someone take you to your doctor or emergency room, if possible. Collapsed vein causes are often associated with chronic trauma from intravenous injections. If more are needed, healthcare providers will usually leave several weeks between treatments to allow for proper healing. Superficial phlebitis can be a complication due to a medical or surgical procedure.. Also contact your provider if you already have the condition and your symptoms worsen or do not get better with treatment. Arteries pulsate, are. The lumps usually dissipate over time, although it can sometimes take months. If you are undergoing sclerotherapy for cosmetic purposes, photographs may be taken for before-and-after comparisons during follow-up visits. Complications from superficial thrombophlebitis are rare. Possible problems may include the following: Contact your provider for an appointment if you develop symptoms of this condition. Sclerotherapy also treats spider veins, a mild form of varicose veins. Phlebotomy Chapter 8 Flashcards | Quizlet Introduce yourself to the patient including your name and role. Palpate the vein you have identified to assess if it is suitable: 5. 4. Bruising is uncommon but can occur. Six months ago my 23-year-old daughter developed superficial blood clots in her lower legs. Fluid from the seminal vesicles and prostate gland combine with sperm to make semen. Do not apply heated pads or any form of heat to the injection sites as this can promote inflammation and bleeding. In a young woman, the first possibility that comes to mind, apart from pregnancy, is oral contraceptive use because hormones can predispose people to clotting. Having a varicocele can make it difficult for your body to regulate the temperature of the testicles. information submitted for this request. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. Self-care techniques are often all that's needed to effectively treat superficial blood clots. TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@geekymedics McGraw Hill; 2019. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. 00:23 Key parts of an AED All rights reserved. They make a small incision into the leg (and vein), insert a If this blood test is negative, and you have no risk factors, then it is unlikely that you have a blood clot. This means that itll cause you little to no pain, discomfort, or harm. Copyright 2023 Bel Marra Health. You may also need to avoid tetracycline antibiotics and corticosteroids like prednisone. Superficial thrombophlebitis is an inflammation of a vein just below the surface of the skin, which results from a blood clot. A thrombosed hemorrhoid looks different than other hemorrhoids. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com. - Over 3000 Free MCQs: https://geekyquiz.com/ Arteries carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body. If you have any of these signs and symptoms, go to a hospital emergency department for evaluation: Your health care provider will examine you and ask questions about your symptoms. These include: General risks associated with sclerotherapy for treating hemorrhoids, malformed lymph vessels, and hydroceles include: Sclerotherapy is considered the treatment of choice for spider veins and smaller varicose veins that cannot be managed with compression stockings or weight loss. During your post-treatment appointments, which usually over several months, the healthcare provider will check your response to the treatment and evaluate for any potential complications. Several things can contribute to lymphangiosclerosis, such as: Lymphangiosclerosis is a rare condition, which can make it harder for doctors to recognize. Varicose veins are enlarged, rope-like veins that bulge. Instagram: https://instagram.com/geekymedics 6. Partin AW, et al., eds. Slightly withdraw and replace the needle (this will allow it to glide easier during cannulation). 14. Geeky Medics accepts no liability for loss of any kind incurred as a result of reliance upon the information provided in this video. Do you know how to answer the questions that cause some of the greatest grammar debates? Arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis. It is one of the least invasive treatment options for these conditions, as it neither involves anesthesia nor any significant downtime. For instance, veins in the hands are small and can collapse easily. Some risk factors for thrombophlebitis include the following: There is usually a slow onset of a tender red area along the superficial veins on the skin. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health It may also occur after having medicines given into your veins. Thrombophlebitis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic A vein that feels hard is likely sclerosed, thrombosed or phlebitic (inflamed) and should be avoided. Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP): What helps? Walk at least 30 minutes a day at a slow to moderate pace for the first two weeks. AskMayoExpert. 1. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. The date on which the cannula should be removed or replaced. Accessed Sept. 11, 2021. Try to avoid sitting or lying down for long periods without getting up and moving about. Blood clots in surface veins are relatively common. Management of adolescent varicocele. AskMayoExpert. If we combine this information with your protected If needed, you can take Tylenol (acetaminophen) to help relieve inflammation and discomfort. People with a known allergy to sclerosant agents (which include detergents like sodium tetradecyl sulfate and chemical irritants like chromated glycerin) should not be exposed to them. What should we watch for at this point? By following these instructions carefully, you are more likely to achieve the desired results. 10. Superficial thrombophlebitis also can be caused by an inherited blood-clotting disorder or, rarely, by a form of cancer, such as pancreatic cancer, that may create an increase in procoagulants substances that promote blood clotting. 4. Superficial venous thrombophlebitis. Thrombophlebitis is due to one or more blood clots in a vein that cause inflammation. Pregnancy can lead to the formation of varicose veins, but sclerotherapy is contraindicated during gestation, in part because pregnancy can place a woman in a hypercoagulable state.
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