The forum has provided a venue for considerable discussion of widely varied views and experiences within The Move. I applaud the efforts of Martha Merry, Amy Seitz, and Jane Conway to continue improving and modernizing traditional farming practices and sharing that knowledge with the agriculture community. Four members wrote an open letter to the ministry of The Move, which they published on the Internet in order to publicize the abuses that allegedly had occurred there. We agree to accept personal responsibility for our actions. What are you saved from by His life? Christ Our Life. Students with a medical condition or sincerely held religious belief must complete a Medical or Religious Accommodation Request. . Photograph Collection, ca. "Anderes' and Ohmer's farms were the last large fur farms in Alaska," Isto wrote. ASL-PCA-331 1927. Bringing in feed for the fox was extremely expensive for the farmers. The community was established during a Christian religious movement in the 1960s and 1970s, where many such communities were established in Alaska and Canada, with emphasis on self-sufficiency and at least partial agricultural independence. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,221. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. One of the largest belonged to Ernest Anderes near Saxman. Another was found on Umnak Island in the Aleutians, for which an age of approximately 3,000 years was recorded. These include public governments, tribal governments,and Inuit self-governments. By 1966 only three mink farms and one fox farm remained in the state. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 63.0 males. [5] Some critics and former members have characterized The Move as a cult. There are many basic agreements that were telepathically understood, however in an effort to avoid the creation of dogma and ritual, no formal document exists that defines the spiritual beliefs of The Farm.Some years ago, several members of The Farm Membership Committee endeavored to create such a document, researching through previously published books and materials to identify statements that could still ring true for most members of the community. Game Creek EMS. Courtesy: Alaska State Library - Historical Collections. He noted that - in the territory - fur farming - then primarily fox farms - was "creating more than ordinary interest.". Mike turned the farm over to the University in 1963 and we had our first muskoxen arrive in 1964. In the first decades of the 21st century, The Move's traveling ministers operate under the name International Ministerial Association (IMA). ), Christian Churches and Churches of Christ, Conservative Congregational Christian Conference, Other Congregationalist (Evangelical Trad. They live in a communal system and are self-supporting. They are basically a small town with a hospital, school, radio station, etc. Most were unsuccessful because large amount of food was needed to support the farms, some of which had 50 or more breeding pairs. On January 3, 1959, Alaska formerly joined the Union as the 49th state. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax We agree to resolve any conflicts or disagreements in a nonviolent manner. payment of any required fees to the proper sources. These 20 Alaska Native Languages were declared official languages of the state of Alaska in 2014 and in 2018, a state of emergency was declared in regards to the conservation of these languages. Photograph Collection, ca. You can see how theologians got confused with the scriptures and tried to cut works out of salvation all together. It was fully recognized as a US territory on May 11, 1912. "Samuel Fife and the Move of God", Iglesia de Jesus en La Linea Website, Nuevo Pacto, Don Murphy (January 1994). Their basic social and economic unit was the nuclear family, and their belief system was animistic. Beautiful small rural spiritually-oriented homestead in southern Vermont West Windsor, Vermont FIC Membership Build your community knowledge by becoming an FIC member, and get access to hundreds of resources and training. Judaism (0.9%), Islam (0.5%), Buddism (<0.5%), Hinduism (<0.5%), other faiths (2.5%) represented less than 5% of the population combined. Inuit are culturally and biologically distinguishable from neighbouring Indigenous groups including Native Americans and the Sami of northern Europe. 9360 Glacier Highway, #201 Juneau, AK 99801, Phone: (907) 586-4360 Fax: (907)463-5670 info@seconference.org. It is the third least populous and the most sparsely populated state with a population density of 1.26/sq mi. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. views about same-sex marriage by state, Learn More: views about same-sex marriage, Strongly favor/favor, Oppose/strongly oppose, Compare: ASL-PCA-331 A similar farm run by Earl Ohmer near Petersburg reportedly had nearly 4,000 animals, also mostly mink. Since the 70s, conversations about US Arctic energy have been dominated by oil and gas. They built a village on Alaska's Kenai Peninsula. In a place where the summer sun shines for twenty-one hours a day, climate change is helping to turn frozen ground into farmland. ASL-PCA-331, Historical Feature Stories by Dave Kiffer. They were then moved up to the interior of Alaska. Game Creek was named in 1901 by E.F. Dickins of the U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey. But he also saw some negatives as the industry tried to grow. There is only one way to get out of sin, that is to get into His life. But it is a cult, isnt Christian, encourages drug use not only of marijuana and is basically no different than any other belief system that hides a person from salvation in Jesus. Alaska lies at the extreme northwest of the North American continent, and the Alaska Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the Western Hemisphere. Whatever the case, please do not hesitate to ask! We are a Christian community and would love to have you join our family. Despite the more recent interpretations of its meaning, the term Eskimoonce widely used in Alaskais considered pejorative and offensive. ", Charlie Zimmerman with foxes, per Paul Converse Transportation Services: Access to community via Hoonah. It was the "law of the West" in the industry and sometimes farm owners felt they had to take the law into their own hands. When the market crashed, it crashed hard. For every 100 females, there were 75.9 males. 1927. The median age was 35 years. E-mail your news & [7], On a radio interview that aired in 2019, former group member Vennie Kocsis related her experiences growing up on two separate compounds after her mother was lured into the group in 1973. Aside from the historical use of the area by local Tlingits, the site was first settled by members of a separatist religious group called The Farm. Members collectively pool individual assets and income for the good of the community. Therefore, we are in God's school of Divine Government, and God is training us as one many-membered man, teaching us, training us, preparing us to be the government through whom the Spirit of Christ will govern the world. miles of land and 0 sq. In the summer most Inuit families hunted caribou and other land animals with bows and arrows. Anderes' fur farm had up to 3,000 animals - mostly mink - at one point. Rudin, A. James & Marcia R. Rudin (1980). There were 4.5% of families and 15.2% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 12.5% of those over 64. (907) 361-5002 Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Gender, ReligionsGeographyTopics & QuestionsUser Guide, Learn More: belief in God, Believe in God; absolutely certain, % of adults in Alaska who say religion is, Compare: The creation of Nunavut, a new Canadian territory, in 1999 helped to support a revitalization of traditional Indigenous culture in North America. ", Within a few years, thousands of his followers had moved to a number of communal farms, mostly in Alaska, Canada, and Colombia. 1927. We believe that marriage, childbirth and death are sacraments of our church. They staked out the intruders' tent and caught one of the men with a dead fox. The article was called "A Northern Crusoe's Island" and was written by Margery Parker. Seitz is also the executive director of the Alaska Farm Bureau. However, Inuit face multiple challenges, including language erosion, urbanization and shrinking communities, significant social and economic inequities compared with other populations of the countries in which they live, political marginalization and colonialism, and climate change. Photograph Collection, ca. In the 1986 Alaskan Journal, Janet Klein noted in " Farming For Fur" that pelts that had sold for $100 in 1930, were down to $11 in in 1932. The community was established during a Christian religious movement in the 1960s and 1970s, where many such communities were established in Alaska and Canada, with emphasis on self-sufficiency and at least partial agricultural independence. ), Eclectic, a bit of everything, "I have my own beliefs", Other in the "Unitarian and other liberal faiths" family, Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. Religious and medical accommodations for students may be requested for documented medical conditions and sincerely held religious beliefs. It is the United States of Americas largest state by area, the third least populous, and the most sparsely populated state. Half the states population reside in the Anchorage metropolitan area. Learn More: party affiliation, Republican/lean Rep., Democrat/lean Dem. In order to ascertain whether or not the claims by Matt Slick | May 14, 2022 | Minor Groups & Issues, New Apostolic Reformation. (Sec. Used drugs and was involved in the hippy movement. Water & Sewer Utilities: Residents haul water from a central safe water point in Hoonah. Because of the location, the Saxman animals were permanently caged and not allowed to run free like at the smaller farms on the isolated islands. According to Pew data, the top four most racially diverse U.S. religious groups are as follows: Seventh-day Adventist with 37 percent white, 32 percent black, 8 percent Asian, 15 percent Latino, 8 . The fox later became a preformer in the Ringling Brothers Circus. The American state of Alaska is located on the extreme northwest corner of the of the continent. Visit website. [7] He wrote the following in explication: "This is the move of God in which God is bringing forth a many-membered manchild to govern the world, through whom Christ will govern the world during the millennium that is to come. For every 100 females, there were 133.3 males. Collection Name: Fox Farms in Southeast Alaska King James Onlyism fundamentally depends on a strategy of 1) falsely loading any differences between translations with by Matt Slick | Jun 1, 2022 | Minor Groups & Issues, New Apostolic Reformation. views about human evolution by state, Learn More: views about human evolution, Evolved; due to natural processes, 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Homes are not plumbed. Merry now oversees the garden and produce, Conway manages wool products, and Seitz directs the livestock, hay, and general operations. To have sufficient capital to purchase good stock and be able to stand normal "losses." Since it is on the basis of grace, it is not on the basis of works. Please use the following button to make your donation to the work being done by the Southeast Conference. Celebrating 50 Years! Explore the geographic distribution and demographics of America's major religious groups. views about environmental protection by state, Learn More: views about environmental regulation, Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy, Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost, Compare: Don Murphy, a Hutterite, reported on visiting Blueberry Farm in January 1994, where 140 adherents of the late Sam Fife's teachings ran a community. The caretaker was named Ole Haynes and on March 5, 1923, his wife noticed a small boat land on the opposite side of the island, according to Sarah Isto in her 2012 book "The Fur Farms of Alaska. Only 5.2% of Alaskans speak one of the 20 recognized Alaska Native languages. On a Sunday afternoon, in the middle of a cold winter, members of Father Nikolai's congregation and family gather in his living room for fish pie, salted salmon, and shots of Jose Cuervo 1800. And visit, frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups, frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing by state, frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing, frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by state, frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, sources of guidance on right and wrong by state, belief in existence of standards for right and wrong by state, belief in absolute standards for right and wrong, There are clear standards for what is right and wrong, views about government aid to the poor by state, views about environmental protection by state, Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy, Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost. The latter lends to the term often used by outsiders as "The Farm", in reference to a single such community. Articles & In Canada the terms Inuvialuit, Inuinnaat, and Inuit are applied. Todd, Douglas; "Peace River Commune Awaits Imminent Apocalypse: Christian Community"; Host Richard Syrett with guest Vennie Kocsis, ", Inside The Apocalyptic Cult That Performed Exorcisms & Saw A 'Demon On Every Doorknob', "FACTNet Message Board: The Move/ Sam Fife", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Move_(Sam_Fife)&oldid=1142173429, Christian denominations established in the 20th century, Christian denominations founded in the United States, Articles with dead external links from May 2013, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with dead external links from October 2010, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 22:43. . Sam Fife wrote numerous booklets about his beliefs, which were distributed among members of The Move. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. They traded with their . Members needed the leaders' permission to go into town, even if they were using their own cars. All requests for purchasing a photograph will be emailed to the photographer. A profile on the communal religious group known as "the farm." Founder : Stephen Gaskin, born 2/16/35 in Denver Colorado. ASL-PCA-331 Founded in 1977, the pan-Arctic Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC)is a nongovernmental organization that seeks to strengthen unity among the Inuit, to promote their rights and interests internationally, and to ensure the endurance and growth of Inuit culture and societies. Members who do not live on the communal farms often congregate in groups, numbering from a half dozen to several dozen people, and they sometimes hold meetings in people's houses. Photograph Collection, ca. Of this, Protestantism was the largest Christian sect with Evangelical Protestants making up 26% of the population, Mainline Protestants at 19%, and Black Protestants at 2%. Some Tsimshian migrated to the Annette Islands in Alaska, and today approximately 1,450 Alaska Tsimshian people are enrolled in the federally recognized Metlakatla Indian Community, sometimes also called the Annette Island Reserve. Inuit, pejorative Eskimo, group of culturally and linguistically unique Indigenous peoples of the Arctic and subarctic regions whose homelands encompass Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland, a self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark), Arctic Canada, northern and southwestern Alaska in the United States, and part of Chukotka in the Far East region of Russia. and may not be reprinted without written permission from and [10] This was a common practice among most Move communes until after the year 2000. They believe that, in practice, members must submit to the rules of the local ministry or be labelled divisive and rebellious. Served in the Marines from 1952-1955. The areas maritime climate is characterized by cool summers and mild winters. The village. "They howled and howled and howled.". At the 2020 census the population was 25,[3] down from 86 at the 2010 census. Covenant Life first appeared on the 1990 U.S. Census as a census-designated place (CDP). The Inuit refer to themselves differently according to their dialects and sense of identity. Are you wondering about a particular ministry or event? frequency of meditation by state, Learn More: frequency of meditation, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in Alaska who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing, Compare: ASL-PCA-331 his religious belief that working on his Sabbath is prohibited. The turnoff to Covenant Life from Alaska Route 7 is 25 miles (40km) northwest of Haines. We greatly appreciate your consideration! There were 38 housing units at an average density of 1.5/sqmi (0.6/km2). The Tsimshian are one of the largest First Nations peoples in northwest British Columbia. A decade later, in 1914, E. Lester Jones, a deputy commissioner in the US Department of Commerce. The largest was one owned by the Anderes family near where the Saxman Seaport is now. Soon articles on fox farming were popping up in the all the media of day. Outboard motors, store-bought clothing, and numerous other manufactured items have entered the culture, and money, unknown in the traditional Inuit economy, has become a necessity. [Mrs. Nellie Lutro & pups - former Mrs. Elliott, per Paul Converse} Collection Name: Fox Farms in Southeast Alaska All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, official languages of the state of Alaska. Taught creative writing at San Francisco State College during the 1960s. frequency of reading scripture by state, Learn More: frequency of reading scripture, Seldom/never, % of adults in Alaska who say the holy scripture is, Compare: It was fully recognized as a US territory on May 11, 1912. As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 102 people, 25 households, and 22 families residing in the CDP. Box 1353 |Nampa, ID 83653 USA1-800-803-8093, If you have any issues, please call the office at 385-246-1048 or email us at. Seitz is also the executive director of the Alaska Farm Bureau. The state is also home to a community known as the Russian Old Believers. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Some describe Stephen's teachings as an eclectic buffet assembled from many religious traditions. Jones noted that even though some had received large sums for prime animals it was not a sign of a healthy market condition. Lately, the group has decreased in size to several hundred. Updates? Served in the Marines from 1952-1955. ), Other Nondenominational (Evangelical Trad. The self-determination and self-government of the Inuit are manifested through various forms, from the home rule government of the North Slope Borough in Alaska to Nunavut and Nunatsiavut in Canada, and the Greenland government in Kalaallit Nunaat has moved toward independence since the original 1979 Greenland Home Rule Act. For More Fox Farm Photos visit Fox Farms in Southeast Alaska The fur farm industry boomed and then busted when pelt prices dropped by 90 percent worldwide. importance of religion by state, Learn More: importance of religion in one's life, Very important, % of adults in Alaska who attend religious services, Compare: 4706 Neely Road, Fort Wainwright, AK 99703. Parker reported that the Middleton Island foxes generated between $175 and $350 a pelt depending on quality. It is the remains of what once was the third largest industry in Alaska. The union elected a new president and soon emerged stronger than before. He was favorably impressed by the outlook and spiritual vitality of the communities in British Columbia, writing, "It seems to me that these people probably are like the Hutterites were at the time of Jacob Hutter and Peter Reidemann - very strong in faith and close to God." On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Welcome to the Fairbanks Seventh-Day Adventist Church in Fairbanks, AK. Brothers Island beach; per Paul Converse The culturally related . It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Lancashire Farm is the perfect example of what sustainable agriculture in Alaska looks like, says Governor Mike Dunleavy. Alaska needs more in-state production of food and other agriculture products. Their forebearers had been brought south from northern Alaska to breed and make money. Some work outside the commune in various industries. After a decade of lease availability, Jones noted that there were less than 100 fox farms operating in the territory in 1914. Cobb stressed that believers will be saved by his (Christ's) life, as expounded in the teaching "Dead to Sin": "Therefore, what are you saved by? our mission. As one observer said, "Alongside that word was a revelation of 'Christ in you,' with a vision of overcoming all things, but through the last several years before I left that fellowship, 'doing what He says' had triumphed over 'Christ revealed in us.'"[6]. Taught creative writing at San Francisco State College during the 1960s. The Inuit are politically organized within their own jurisdictions as well as internationally. There were five fur farms on the highways north and south of Ketchikan. They need able-bodied members as the lifestyle is still on the rugged side - outhouses, firewood, sawmill, etc. He was a former Baptist preacher and his theology has been compared to that of the Body of Christ movement. The Cannery Workers' and Farmers' Union's motto was "Unity is Strength." This motto and spirit kept the union together after the death of its founders, Virgil S. Duyungan and Aurelio Simon. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Location & Climate: Game Creek is on Chichagof Island in Southeast Alaska, 2.6 miles southwest of Hoonah. Thank you for your interest in supporting CARM. One man, Billy Gray, who was reportedly from either Ketchikan or Metlakatla, was struck by a bullet and killed. ), Missionary Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Inuit, pejorative Eskimo, group of culturally and linguistically unique Indigenous peoples of the Arctic and subarctic regions whose homelands encompass Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland, a self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark), Arctic Canada, northern and southwestern Alaska in the United States, and part of Chukotka in the Far East region of Russia. Population growth spurred a new community near Haines. The latter lends to the term often used by outsiders as "The Farm", in reference to a single such community. The population density was 3.9 people per square mile (1.5/km2). SitNews does not sell photographs. ASL-PCA-331 (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. Courtesy: Alaska State Library - Historical Collections. We agree to strive for a high level of consciousness in our daily lives. For one thing, the blue foxes that were used to populate most of the islands in Southeast were not as valuable as the silver and white furred ones up north. She noted the farm had sold 59 pelts in 1922. Alaska was part of the Russian Empire before it was purchased by the United States for $7.2M on March 30, 1867. The American state of Alaska is located on the extreme northwest corner of the of the continent. There were initial setbacks including illnesses, persecutions, and famine. Something went wrong while submitting the form. We agree that livestock, fish, or fowl will not be raised in the community for slaughter. Conventions have been held in Bowens Mill, Georgia; Lubbock, Texas; Shepherd's Inn, British Columbia; Upsala, Ontario, and various other locations throughout the world. Courtesy: Alaska State Library - Historical Collections. sources of guidance on right and wrong by state, Learn More: sources of guidance on right and wrong, Common sense, Compare: The man dropped the fox and ran inside the tent. frequency of prayer by state, Learn More: frequency of prayer, At least daily, Seldom/never, % of adults in Alaska who attend prayer group, Compare: Covenant Life is a census-designated place (CDP) in Haines Borough, Alaska, United States. Their multigenerational farm family demonstrates exceptional resilience to farming in Alaska, says Division of Agriculture Interim Director Mia Kirk. We hate SPAM and promise to keep your email address safe. Collection Name: Fox Farms in Southeast Alaska They are pacifists and claim to be a non-denominational church that freely discusses all religious options. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main Invite the world into relationship with the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Teach people to follow the ways of Jesus. After Fife's death in a plane crash 1979, Buddy Cobb (1925 2017) led the group. Used drugs and was involved in the hippy movement. We believe that being truthful and compassionate is instrumental to living together in peace and as a community. But it never quite obtained those levels. Louie Fenford, Charlie Anderson, Jack Olson. All Rights Reserved There was even a 1925 silent movie - long lost - called the "The Farmer's Fatal Folly" that was "set" on remote Alaskan island fox farm and involved a love triangle between the farmer, his wife and a hired man. Department of Law: Alaska law requires charitable organizations and paid solicitors to register with the Dept. The number of people involved in The Move has been in a long, slow decline, which began in the early 1980s with the closing of some Move farms in British Columbia (BC), Canada. The large Orthodox population is attributed to early Russian colonization of Alaska with the first Russian Orthodox Church being established in 1795. Population growth spurred a new community near Haines. Midway Fox Farm; Mrs. Lutro and fox pups. Census-designated place in Alaska, United States, "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Covenant Life CDP, Alaska", "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Covenant_Life,_Alaska&oldid=1098534764, Census-designated places in Haines Borough, Alaska, Articles with dead external links from April 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 16 July 2022, at 08:13. For the first 40 years of American control of Alaska, there was little interest in fur farming, but then a rise in fur garment prices around the turn of the 20th century changed things. Summer temperatures range from 52 to 63 F and winter temperatures from 26 to 39 F. Small groups of The Move continue to operate in rural areas as well as in many cities throughout the US and other countries, but their numbers have declined since the late 1990s. 1927. Anderes' younger sister, Lillian Greuter, grew up on the Saxman fur farm. Photographers choosing to submit photographs for publication to SitNews are in doing so granting their permission for publication and for archiving. ASL-PCA-331 ), Apostolic Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad. There were 25 households, out of which 44.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 84.0% were married couples living together, 4.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.0% were non-families. Modern technology is not forbidden, nor discouraged, but due to remoteness and complete lack of public utilities, it is present much less so than in American and Canadian culture. Physiologically, an appreciable percentage of Inuit people have the B blood type (ABO system), which seems to be absent from other Indigenous American groups. These dialects are closely related to the Sugcestun, Yugtun, and Yupigestun languages spoken by the Sugpiat, Yupiit, and Yupiget in Alaska and Chukotka. Critics say that although The Move teaches that everyone is free to hear from and be led by God, in practice the actions of its members must be approved by the local ministry. [10] The details of the rules vary from farm to farm. We believe that inner peace is the foundation for world peace. Bring a number of "breeding pairs" to a secure location, often a small, isolated island. Yes. Southeast Alaska Group started in 2005. As the fur seal and sea otter numbers began plummeting in the early 1800s, the first rudimentary fox farms began to pop up in places like Kodiak and Cook Inlet as the Russians captured wild foxes and held them in pens. From as little as $11 a month for a supporter or $22 for a learner. We believe that vegetarianism is the most ecologically sound and humane lifestyle for the planet, but that what a person eats does not dictate their spirituality. Do you want to know how to begin a relationship with God? In 1982, Cobb and others founded Covenant Life College, with sites in Georgia, Alaska and Canada. ", Pete Behrs with his trick fox. Resources: www.thefarm.org and Bob Larson, Larsons Book of Cults, Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1982. views about abortion by state, Learn More: views about abortion, Legal in all/most cases, Illegal in all/most cases, % of adults in Alaska who say homosexuality, Compare: "Owing to the fact that few of the men who have engaged in this business have sufficient knowledge of the conditions necessary to raise foxes in captivity successfully, there have been many failures and few successes," Jones reported in December of 1914, adding that because of high prices "men have been misled into thinking that all they had to do was purchase a few foxes and soon begin to reap the benefits by receiving large sums for their sale.